CVE-2025-528841.7LowCWE-159

CVE-2025-52884: risc0-ethereum-contracts allows invalid commitment with digest value of zero to be accepted by Steel.validateCommitment

risc0 · risc0-ethereum

Affected: risc0-ethereum · Exploitation: unlikely (under 1%)

Not in CyberSIXT coverage yet: no article names this CVE. This page shows the public record.

0.4%probability of exploitation in the next 30 days

36th percentile

050100

Higher than 36% of scored CVEs

1.7LowCVSS 4.0

LowMediumHighCrit.

DescriptionCVE.org

RISC Zero is a zero-knowledge verifiable general computing platform, with Ethereum integration. The risc0-ethereum repository contains Solidity verifier contracts, Steel EVM view call library, and supporting code. Prior to versions 2.1.1 and 2.2.0, the `Steel.validateCommitment` Solidity library function will return `true` for a crafted commitment with a digest value of zero. This violates the semantics of `validateCommitment`, as this does not commitment to a block that is in the current chain. Because the digest is zero, it does not correspond to any block and there exist no known openings. As a result, this commitment will never be produced by a correct zkVM guest using Steel and leveraging this bug to compromise the soundness of a program using Steel would require a separate bug or misuse of the Steel library, which is expected to be used to validate the root of state opening proofs. A fix has been released as part of `risc0-ethereum` 2.1.1 and 2.2.0. Users for the `Steel` Solidity library versions 2.1.0 or earlier should ensure they are using `Steel.validateCommitment` in tandem with zkVM proof verification of a Steel program, as shown in the ERC-20 counter example, and documentation. This is the correct usage of Steel, and users following this pattern are not at risk, and do not need to take action. Users not verifying a zkVM proof of a Steel program should update their application to do so, as this is incorrect usage of Steel.

Affected products1

From the CVE record. A product or version that is not listed is unknown, not unaffected.

risc0 · risc0-ethereum< 2.1.1

On the Atlas

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Open the Atlas

Exploitation: Unlikely (under 1%). EPSS under 1%, or no score yet.
CISA KEV: Not listed
Public check: No public nuclei template
Weakness: Improper Handling of Invalid Use of Special Elements · Injection and Smuggling
Published: June 2025
Band: Unlikely (under 1%), June 2025

CoverageNo articles yet

No CyberSIXT article names CVE-2025-52884 yet, so there is no coverage timeline, action brief or change log for it. Everything on this page comes from the public CVE record, CISA KEV, EPSS and the nuclei template index. Search the archive or see the CVEs in the news.