Encoding Transformations · passage 2 of 5
Text · Encoding Transformations/README.md
For testing systems you own or are authorised to test, and for defending them. Nothing here is run by this page.
Open this passage on GitHubUnicode is a universal character encoding standard used to represent text from virtually every writing system in the world. Each character (letters, numbers, symbols, emojis) is assigned a unique code point (for example, U+0041 for "A"). Unicode encoding formats like UTF-8 and UTF-16 specify how these code points are stored as bytes.
Source: Encoding Transformations/README.md in PayloadsAllTheThings. From PayloadsAllTheThings by Swissky and contributors. MIT License, Copyright (c) 2019 Swissky.
Every one of the 5 is a mark on the map. Named now: 1 to 5, reading order first.
Zoom in on the map and the dots under the middle of it are named where they are.
Data as of 2026-11-14. CVE List through 2026-11-14 · EPSS of 2026-11-14 · CISA KEV checked 2026-11-15. Source: PayloadsAllTheThings by Swissky and contributors, MIT License. For authorised testing only.